In this video, Haviv Rettig Gur addresses the difficult question of whether Israel intentionally targeted Palestinian civilians in Gaza. The speaker asserts that Israel did not intentionally target civilians (0:13-0:16), acknowledging the complexities and tragic nature of war fought within civilian populations.
Here are the key points from the video:
- Hamas's Strategy: The speaker highlights that Hamas dug an extensive tunnel system (1:13) under civilian areas, which was a strategic challenge for Israel. Hamas's strategy relied on civilian harm to win the information war (8:44-8:50) and made them an undeterable enemy (2:20-2:33).
- Israeli Efforts to Minimize Civilian Harm:
- Israel employed a strategy of constant raiding, going in and leaving, partly to minimize civilian harm (1:36-1:42).
- They established a "harm mitigation unit" (4:03) that made millions of phone calls, sent SMSs, and dropped leaflets with grid maps to warn civilians of impending strikes (4:05-4:27).
- Soldiers' movements were publicly telegraphed to reduce civilian presence (4:27-4:40).
- The demolition seen in Gaza was often a function of protecting civilian life by avoiding booby traps set by Hamas (5:11-5:26).
- Critiques and Context:
- Rettig Gur admits that it is legitimate to say Israel "didn't do enough" to protect civilians (5:44-5:46) and that individual crimes by soldiers likely occurred (6:11-6:17), citing instances of prisoner abuse (6:23-6:50). However, these individual acts do not indicate a policy of intentionally targeting civilians (7:20-7:24).
- Statistical data from Hamas's own health ministry shows that fighting-age men are overrepresented among the dead by two to three times (8:16-8:40), suggesting Israel was aiming at Hamas operatives, not civilians.
- The speaker emphasizes that the narrative of intentional targeting is part of a broader, coordinated anti-Israel campaign (10:24-10:59, 11:34-11:42), noting the disproportionate focus on Gaza's casualties compared to other conflicts with higher death tolls (10:34-10:48).